Magulu a zosefera ndi chiyani?

Zosefera zowoneka bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zosefera zowonera, zomwe ndi zida zomwe zimatumiza kuwala kosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri magalasi athyathyathya kapena zida zapulasitiki munjira ya kuwala, zomwe zimapakidwa utoto kapena zokutira zosokoneza.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a spectral, amagawidwa kukhala fyuluta ya pass-band ndi fyuluta yodulidwa;pakuwunika kwa spectral, imagawidwa kukhala fyuluta yoyamwa ndi zosokoneza.

1. Filter yotchinga imapangidwa ndi kusakaniza utoto wapadera mu utomoni kapena zida zamagalasi.Malinga ndi kutha kuyamwa kuwala kwa mafunde osiyanasiyana, imatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.Zosefera zamagalasi achikuda ndizodziwika kwambiri pamsika, ndipo zabwino zake ndikukhazikika, kufanana, mtengo wabwino wa mtengo, komanso mtengo wotsika wopanga, koma amakhala ndi vuto lachiphaso chachikulu, nthawi zambiri zosakwana 30nm.za.

2. Zosefera zosokoneza za bandpass
Imatengera njira yopangira vacuum, ndikuyika filimu ya kuwala ndi makulidwe enieni pamwamba pa galasi.Kawirikawiri, galasi amapangidwa ndi superimposing angapo zigawo za mafilimu, ndi kusokoneza mfundo ntchito kulola mafunde kuwala mu spectral osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana kudutsa.Pali mitundu yambiri ya zosefera zosokoneza, ndipo magawo awo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi osiyana.Mwa iwo, zosefera zosokoneza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zosefera za bandpass, zosefera za cutoff, ndi zosefera za dichroic.
(1) Zosefera za Bandpass zitha kungopereka kuwala kwa utali wochepa kapena wopapatiza, ndipo kuwala kunja kwa band singathe kudutsa.Zizindikiro zazikulu za mawonekedwe a bandpass fyuluta ndi: center wavelength (CWL) ndi theka la bandwidth (FWHM).Malinga ndi kukula kwa bandwidth, imagawidwa kukhala: fyuluta yocheperako yokhala ndi bandwidth<30nm;fyuluta ya Broadband yokhala ndi bandwidth>60nm pa.
(2) Fyuluta yodulidwa imatha kugawanitsa mawonekedwewo m'zigawo ziwiri, kuwala kwa dera limodzi sikungadutse dera lino kumatchedwa dera lodulidwa, ndipo kuwala kwa dera lina kumatha kudutsa kumatchedwa passband dera, Zosefera zodulira zenizeni ndi zosefera zakutali ndi zosefera zachidule.Zosefera za laser-wavepass zazitali: Zimatanthawuza kuti mumtundu wina wa wavelength, njira yakutali imafalikira, ndipo njira yafupikitsa imadulidwa, yomwe imatenga gawo lodzipatula.Short wave pass fyuluta: Sefa yodutsa mafunde afupikitsa imatanthawuza mtundu wina wa kutalika kwa mafunde, mafunde afupiafupi amafalikira, ndipo mayendedwe aatali amadulidwa, omwe amatenga gawo lolekanitsa mafunde aatali.

3. Dichroic fyuluta
Sefa ya Dichroic imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yosokoneza.Zigawo zawo zimapanga mikwingwirima yosalekeza yomwe imagwirizana ndi kutalika komwe mukufuna.Pamene nsonga ndi mbiya zikulumikizana, mafunde ena amachotsedwa mowononga kapena kuwonekera.Zosefera za Dichroic (zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti "reflective" kapena "filimu yopyapyala" kapena "zosokoneza" zosefera) zitha kupangidwa ndikuphimba gawo lapansi lagalasi ndi zokutira zowoneka bwino.Zosefera za Dichroic nthawi zambiri zimawonetsa mbali zosafunika za kuwala ndikufalitsa zina zonse.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosefera za dichroic imatha kuwongoleredwa ndi makulidwe ndi dongosolo la zokutira.Nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo komanso osalimba kuposa zosefera zoyamwa.Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida monga ma dichroic prism mu makamera kuti alekanitse mizati ya kuwala kukhala zigawo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.